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Responsive Styles

Chakra UI supports responsive styles out of the box. Instead of manually adding @media queries and adding nested styles throughout your code, Chakra UI allows you provide object and array values to add mobile-first responsive styles.

We use the @media(min-width) media query to ensure your interfaces are mobile-first.

Responsive syntax relies on the breakpoints defined in the theme object. Chakra UI provides default breakpoints, here's what it looks like:

To make styles responsive, you can use either the array or object syntax.

The Array syntax#

All style props that arrays as values for mobile-first responsive styles. This is the recommended method.

Let's say you have a Box with the following properties:

To make the width or w responsive using the array syntax, here's what you need to do:

To interpret array responsive values, Chakra UI converts the values defined in theme.breakpoints and sorts them in ascending order. Afterward, we map the values defined in the array to the breakpoints

Here's how to interpret this syntax:

  • 300px: From 0em upwards
  • 400px: From 30em upwards
  • 500px: From 48em upwards

To skip certain breakpoints, you can pass null to any position in the array to avoid generating unnecessary CSS.

The Object syntax#

You can also define responsive values with breakpoint aliases in an object. Any undefined alias key will define the base, non-responsive value.

Let's say you have a Box that looks like this:

To make the fontSize responsive using the object syntax, here's what you need to do:

Remember, Chakra UI uses the min-width media query for responsive design. The breakpoints are: sm = 30em, md = 48em, lg = 62em, xl = 80em

Here's how to interpret this syntax:

  • base: From 0em upwards
  • md: From 48em upwards
  • lg: From 62em upwards

More Examples#

This works for every style prop in the theme specification, which means you can change the style of most properties at a given breakpoint.

Under the hood#

This shortcut is an alternative to writing media queries out by hand. Given the following:

It'll generate a CSS that looks like this

The equivalent of this style if you passed it as an object.

Customizing Breakpoints#

In some scenarios, you might need to define custom breakpoints for your application. We recommended using common aliases like sm, md, lg, and xl.

To define custom breakpoints, install @chakra-ui/theme-tools, and use the createBreakpoints utility we provide.

Note: Ensure the css unit of your breakpoints are the same. Use all px or all em, don't mix them.

Demo#

Here's a simple example of a marketing page component that uses a stacked layout on small screens, and a side-by-side layout on larger screens (resize your browser to see it in action):

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